![]() ![]() Over time, local activists have updated and diversified their claims and tactics. An example is the installation of the first public water posts in the 1980s.ĭespite these achievements, the favela still faces challenges with constant water shortages, flooding and landslides, which lead to contemporary forms of activism that mix old and new agendas.Ĭontemporary activism – three collectives The more explicitly urban ones usually draw on the ‘historical struggles’, including their first successful interactions with the state for the provision of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) infrastructures. Rocinha itself is unique, not only because of its size and diversity, but also because of its political landscape – it now has hundreds of NGOs and grassroots groups. Residents commonly refer to this complexity through mentions of ‘sub-neighbourhoods’ – there are approximately 28 of these in Rocinha. Rocinha is one of them, where one can find overlapping layers of housing, ladders, alleys and shops. The most populous ones are named 'complexes' due to their diversity. Today Rio de Janeiro has more than 1,000 favelas. Over time, these settlements became known as favelas, a name which now symbolises informality in the whole country. These are areas close to employment, but with little networked infrastructure or tenure security. Upper-class neighbourhoods mostly developed over flat lands, while difficulties in accessing housing led poor and racialised populations to often settle on the hills. The topography of the city – along with inequality – led to a unique pattern of urbanisation. Rio de Janeiro is one of Brazil’s picture postcard locations, partly because of a physical landscape with rounded hills, forests and beaches. And we learn why the residents chose to have their own museum. In examining the work of three community collectives in Rocinha we look at how the various paths taken in their fight for people’s rights and equality have shaped the favela. ![]()
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